A data breach is a situation in which information is either lost by or stolen from an organization or individual. Financial information, medical records, customer information, and student data are all examples of information that has been accessed as a result of data breaches. Such breaches can result in identity theft.
The incidents can occur under a number of different scenarios. Hacked databases and stolen laptops, PDAs, and USB flash drives containing sensitive information account for many breaches. More than 75 percent of states now legally require organizations to contact affected individuals when a data breach occurs.